Epidemic of Depression in Children
Fifteen million children and teens in the United States suffer from diagnosable mental illness each year, according to the U.S. Surgeon General. That's one of every five children, an unprecedented mental health crisis. Only 20% of those who suffer receive treatment.
Children who suffer depression are more likely to experience problems later in life. Tragically, young adults who experienced an episode of major depressive disorder before age 18 showed pervasive impairments across many areas of their life by their mid-20s. They were more likely to perform poorly at work, have social difficulties, and have a low quality of life and physical well-being.
In children and adolescents, the most frequently diagnosed mood disorders are major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, and bipolar disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) have been shown to be effective in treating depression in children and adolescents. Anti-depressants are also commonly prescribed for a wide range of these problems, including depressive disorders and different anxiety disorders.
Symptoms of Depression In Children and Adolescents
- Frequent sadness, tearfulness, crying
- Hopelessness
- Decreased interest in activities; or inability to enjoy previously favorite activities
- Persistent boredom; low energy
- Social isolation, poor communication
- Low self esteem and guilt
- Extreme sensitivity to rejection or failure
- Increased irritability, anger, or hostility
- Difficulty with relationships
- Frequent complaints of physical illnesses such as headaches and stomachaches
- Frequent absences from school or poor performance in school
- Poor concentration
- A major change in eating and/or sleeping patterns
- Talk of or efforts to run away from home
- Thoughts or expressions of suicide or self destructive behavior
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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Early diagnosis and treatment make a huge difference for depressed children. Depression is a serious illness that requires professional help. Comprehensive treatment often includes both individual and family therapy. For help, parents should ask their physician to refer them to a qualified mental health professional, who can diagnose and treat depression in children and teenagers.
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